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| 竹材深度预水解-硫酸盐法制备溶解浆工艺的探究 |
| Study on Deep Prehydrolysis-kraft Pulping Treatment of Bamboo Dissolving Pulp |
| 收稿日期：2024-11-22 |
| DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2025.04.013 |
| 关键词: 预水解-硫酸盐法制浆 竹材 半纤维素 木质素 纤维素 |
| Key Words:prehydrolysis-kraft pulping bamboo hemicellulose lignin cellulose |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划 （2023YFD2201903）；福建省引导性项目 （2023H0008）。 |
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| 摘要:以毛竹为原料，采用预水解-硫酸盐法制备竹溶解浆，探究了预水解时间、蒸煮保温时间以及用碱量对竹材半纤维素和木质素降解溶出效果的影响。结果表明，预水解处理可以有效溶出竹材中的半纤维素，延长预水解时间可以大幅度降低竹材中半纤维素含量、增加水解液中单糖和总糖质量浓度，实现半纤维素的有效脱除；同时，溶出半纤维素使竹材的孔洞数量增加，结构松散，有利于后续蒸煮阶段药液渗透和木质素降解溶出。经预水解时间160 min的条件处理，竹材的纤维素含量为57.4%、半纤维素含量为7.2%、得率为66.8%，其水解液中木糖单糖和木糖总糖质量浓度达到最大值，分别为12.9和23.1 g/L。在硫酸盐法蒸煮过程中，提高用碱量和延长蒸煮保温时间，均可以实现竹溶解浆中木质素和半纤维素的脱除，从而降低竹溶解浆的卡伯值和聚戊糖含量、提高其α-纤维素含量。在用碱量（以NaOH计）20%、硫化度27%、液比1∶4、蒸煮温度170 ℃、蒸煮保温时间90 min的条件下，所得竹溶解浆的卡伯值为7.5、聚戊糖含量为2.1%、α-纤维素含量为90.8%、黏度为740 mL/g。 |
| Abstract:Bamboo dissolving pulp was prepared from moso-bamboo using the prehydrolysis-kraft pulping treatment， and the effects of prehydrolysis time， cooking holding time， and alkali charge on the degradation/removal of hemicellulose and lignin from bamboo were investigated. The results showed that the prehydrolysis treatment could effectively dissolve the hemicellulose in bamboo， and extending the prehydrolysis time could significantly reduce the content of hemicellulose in bamboo， increase the mass concentration of monosaccharides and total sugars in the hydrolysate， and achieve the efficient hemicellulose removal. At the same time， dissolving hemicellulose increased the numbers of pore in bamboo and made the structure loose， which was conducive to the drug penetration and the degradation/removal of lignin during the cooking stage. After 160 min of prehydrolysis， the cellulose content of bamboo was 57.4%， the hemicellulose content was 7.2%， the yield was 66.8%， and the xylose and total xylo mass concentration of the hydrolysate reached the maximum value， which was 12.9 and 23.1 g/L， respectively. During the kraft cooking process， increasing the alkali charge and extending the cooking holding time both could enhance the removal of lignin and hemicellulose in bamboo dissolving pulp， thus reducing the Kappa value and the content of pentosan and increasing the α-cellulose content of bamboo dissolving pulp. Under the conditions of alkali charge of 20%（based on NaOH）， sulfidity of 27%， liquid ratio of 1∶4， cooking temperature of 170 ℃， and cooking holding time of 90 min， the Kappa value of bamboo dissolving pulp was 7.5， the content of pentose was 2.1%， the content of α-cellulose was 90.8%， and the viscosity was 740 mL/g. |
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