| 吕淑贤,易晓辉,钟迪,康葆强,张群,潘伟,王恺.一部南三阁本《四库全书》的纸张材料分析研究[J].中国造纸,2025,(9):123-134 |
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| 一部南三阁本《四库全书》的纸张材料分析研究 |
| Material Analyses and Study of the Paper from Si Ku Quan Shu Stored in the Southern Three Pavilions |
| 收稿日期：2025-04-09 修订日期：2025-05-13 |
| DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2025.09.017 |
| 关键词: 四库全书 南三阁 宣纸 纤维分析 |
| Key Words:Si Ku Quan Shu southern three pavilions xuan paper fibre analysis |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | 邮编 | | 吕淑贤* | 北京大学图书馆,北京,100871 | 100871 | | 易晓辉 | 国家图书馆古籍保护科技文化和旅游部重点实验室,北京,100034 | 100034 | | 钟迪 | 北京大学图书馆,北京,100871 | 100871 | | 康葆强 | 故宫博物院,北京,100009 | 100009 | | 张群 | 浙江图书馆,浙江杭州,310007 | 310007 | | 潘伟 | 北京大学分析测试中心,北京,100871 | 100871 | | 王恺* | 北京联合大学考古研究院,北京,100191 | 100191 |
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| 摘要:本研究以一部南三阁本《四库全书》的书叶及2种护叶纸张为研究对象，采用多种检测手段进行综合分析。结果表明，3种纸张均为青檀皮和稻草混料宣纸，均含有草酸钙、石英和碳酸钙，但在外观形貌、纤维配比及化学成分上有一定差别。书叶用纸为细腻洁白的薄宣纸，厚度34 μm左右；青檀皮纤维含量约85%；纸中含有少量碳酸钙，其Ca元素含量为3种纸张中最低。白色护叶纸为洁白光滑的厚宣纸，厚度约52 μm；青檀皮纤维含量高达95%；其Si元素含量为3种纸张中最低；纸中除碳酸钙外还含少量生石膏（CaSO4·2H2O)。黄色护叶纸为色暗粗糙的较厚宣纸，厚度约42 μm，含较多纤维束；檀皮和稻草纤维各约占50%；Si元素和Ca元素含量均为3种纸张中最高；纸中含有大量碳酸钙。该结果表明，宣纸被用作部分南三阁《四库全书》的书叶及护叶，与文献中“棉白榜纸”“泾县白棉纸”及“金线榜纸”的记载一致，但是否为“坚白太史连纸”尚待进一步研究。 |
| Abstract:Choosing the page paper and two kinds of flyleaf paper from Si Ku Quan Shu stored in the southern three pavilions as samples， this study conducted a comprehensive scientific analysis with various scientific testing methods. The experimental results showed that all the three types of paper samples were xuan paper made of wingceltis bark and rice straw fibers， and all of them contained calcium oxalate， quartz， and CaCO3， but there were certain differences in their appearances， fiber ratios， and chemical compositions. The page paper was a kind of thin Xuan paper with a delicate and pure white texture. Its thickness was approximately 34 μm， and fiber composition included up to 85% wingceltis bark. There was a small amount of CaCO3 in the paper， and the Ca content was the lowest among the three paper samples. The white flyleaf paper was a kind of thick Xuan paper with a pure white color and a smooth texture. Its thickness was approximately 52 μm， and the fiber contained up to 95% wingceltis bark. The Si content was the lowest among the three paper samples. In addition to CaCO3 left from pulping， the paper also contained some gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). The yellow flyleaf paper was a kind of dark and rough Xuan paper containing many fiber bundles. Its thickness was about 42 μm， and the fiber composition was 50% wingceltis bark and 50% rice straw. Both of the Si and Ca contents were the highest among the three paper samples. Besides， this paper contained a large amount of CaCO3. These results showed that Xuan paper was used as the page and flyleaf paper for some volumes of the Si Ku Quan Shu stored in the Southern Three Pavilions， which were consistent with relevant literature records （Mian Bai Bang Zhi， Jingxian Bai Mian Zhi， Jinxian Bang zhi）. However， whether it was “Jian Bai Tai Shi Lian Zhi” remained to be further confirmed. |
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