| 徐博豪,尚新龙,黄美洁,王勤华.木质素基可降解材料研究进展[J].中国造纸,2025,44(12):40-53 |
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| 木质素基可降解材料研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Lignin-based Degradable Materials |
| 收稿日期：2025-07-08 修订日期：2025-09-25 |
| DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2025.12.005 |
| 关键词: 木质素 可降解材料 物理共混 化学改性 纳米结构 |
| Key Words:lignin degradable materials physical blending chemical modification nanostructure |
| 基金项目:安徽农业大学高层次人才引进计划（rc362305）。 |
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| 摘要:木质素作为储量最丰富的可再生芳香族高分子，因其苯丙烷结构和可降解性，在绿色材料领域极具潜力。本文重点围绕木质素的分子结构、材料分类、制备技术及功能改性等方面，综述了木质素基可降解材料的研究进展。木质素基可降解材料主要分为物理共混复合材料、化学改性功能材料和纳米结构材料3类。通过将其与天然或合成高分子进行物理共混，可有效提升材料的力学性能与热稳定性；利用其活性位点进行化学修饰，能定向赋予材料抗菌、抗紫外等特定功能；而通过纳米化技术构建的木质素纳米颗粒，则进一步在增强、屏蔽及药物递送等领域展现出独特优势。 |
| Abstract:Lignin， as the most abundant renewable aromatic polymer， has significant potential in the field of green materials due to its phenylpropane structure and biodegradability. This review focused on the molecular structure， material classification， preparation techniques， and functional modification of lignin， summarizing the research progress in lignin-based degradable materials. Lignin-based degradable materials were mainly categorized into three types： physically blended composites， chemically modified functional materials， and nanostructured materials. By physically blending lignin with natural or synthetic polymers， the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the materials were effectively enhanced. Chemical modification of its active sites enabled the targeted introduction of specific functionalities， such as antibacterial and UV-blocking properties. Furthermore， lignin nanoparticles constructed via nanotechnology demonstrated unique advantages in reinforcement， shielding， and drug delivery applications. |
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