| 李梦瑶,唐敏,彭宁建,宋强,梁云.不同成形方式纤维滤材对小粒径粉尘的反吹性能研究[J].中国造纸,2026,45(3):51-58 |
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| 不同成形方式纤维滤材对小粒径粉尘的反吹性能研究 |
| Pulse-jet Cleaning Performance of Filter Medias with Different Forming Methods for Fine Particulate Dust |
| 收稿日期：2025-08-14 修订日期：2025-10-08 |
| DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2026.03.006 |
| 关键词: 小粒径粉尘 纤维滤材 空气过滤 反吹性能 |
| Key Words:fine particulate dust filter media air filtration pulse-jet cleaning performance |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | 邮编 | | 李梦瑶* | 1华南理工大学轻工科学与工程学院,广东广州,510640 | 510640 | | 唐敏 | 1华南理工大学轻工科学与工程学院,广东广州,510640 | 510640 | | 彭宁建 | 2中国北方车辆研究所,北京,100071 | 100071 | | 宋强 | 1华南理工大学轻工科学与工程学院,广东广州,510640 | 510640 | | 梁云* | 1华南理工大学轻工科学与工程学院,广东广州,510640 | 510640 |
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| 摘要:发动机滤清器的反吹清灰性能是影响其使用寿命的关键因素，目前ISO 12103-1 A2标准测试灰（A2灰）难以反映滤材在近沙漠、矿山等高含量小粒径粉尘环境下的反吹性能。为此，本研究选取了3种不同成形方式纤维滤材（湿法成形滤材、熔喷无纺布复合滤材和静电纺复合滤材），在不同发尘浓度和面流速下，对比了滤材对0~3 μm Arizona Test Dust（0-3 ATD灰，0.1~2 μm）与A2灰（1~10 μm）2种不同粒径分布粉尘的容尘性能和反吹性能。结果表明，降低面流速或发尘浓度均可改善滤材反吹性能，其中面流速影响更为显著，在发尘浓度1.0 g/m³条件下，当面流速从11.1 cm/s降至6.7 cm/s时，静电纺复合滤材对小粒径粉尘0-3 ATD灰的10次反吹清灰循环用时从518 s延长至2 422 s，分别约为湿法成形滤材、熔喷复合滤材的1.9、2.8倍，且粉尘剥离率始终保持在>85%。在发尘浓度1.0 g/m³、面流速11.1 cm/s条件下，10次反吹清灰循环中3种滤材对A2灰的平均剥离率接近（77%~78%）；由于小粒径粉尘更易嵌入纤维深层而难以剥离，滤材对0-3 ATD灰的清灰用时下降了66%~80%，其中静电纺复合滤材对0-3 ATD灰的平均剥离率约为68%，显著高于湿法成形滤材（38%）和熔喷无纺布复合滤材（15%），表现出其对小粒径粉尘反吹清灰的适应性。 |
| Abstract:The pulse-jet cleaning performance of engine air filters is a critical factor affecting their service life. Current test standards primarily employ ISO 12103-1 A2 test dust, which inadequately reflects material performance in environments with high fine dust content, such as desert or mining areas. To address this, this study selected three types of fibrous filter medias with different forming methods (wet-laid filter media, melt-blown nonwoven composite media, and electrospun composite media). Their dust-holding capacity and pulse-jet cleaning performance were compared under different dust concentrations and face velocities, using two dust types with distinct particle size distributions: 0~3 μm Arizona Test Dust (0-3 ATD dust, 0.1~2 μm) and A2 dust (1~10 μm). The results showed that reducing the face velocity or dust concentration improved the pulse-jet cleaning performance of the filter medias, and the face velocity had a more significant impact. At a dust concentration of 1.0 g/m³, when the face velocity was reduced from 11.1 cm/s to 6.7 cm/s, the total 10 pulse-jet cleaning cycles duration of the electrospun composite media for fine 0-3 ATD dust increased from 518 s to 2 422 s. This was approximately 1.9 and 2.8 times that of the wet-laid media and melt-blown composite media, respectively, while the dust stripping rate consistently remained above 85%. Under the conditions of a dust concentration of 1.0 g/m³ and a face velocity of 11.1 cm/s, the average dust stripping rate of the three filter medias for A2 dust during the 10 cycles was similar (77%~78%). However, due to the tendency of fine particles to embed deeper into the fiber matrix, which making them harder to dislodge, the cleaning duration for 0-3 ATD dust decreased by 66%~80%. Notably, the electrospun composite media exhibited an average dislodgement efficiency of approximately 68% for 0-3 ATD dust, significantly higher than that of the wet-laid media (38%) and melt-blown nonwoven composite media (15%), demonstrating its adaptability for pulse-jet cleaning of fine dust particles. |
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