钟浩成,李继庚.基于束搜索与自适应模拟退火算法的多规格纸卷装载优化[J].中国造纸,2026,45(4):198-205 本文二维码信息
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基于束搜索与自适应模拟退火算法的多规格纸卷装载优化
Multi-specification Paper Rolls Loading Optimization Based on Beam Search and Adaptive Simulated Annealing Algorithm
收稿日期：2025-09-09  修订日期：2025-10-10
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2026.04.025
关键词:  纸卷装载  产品族约束  双目标优化  模拟退火算法
Key Words:paper roll loading  product family constraints  bi-objective optimization  simulated annealing algorithm
基金项目:
作者单位邮编
钟浩成* 华南理工大学先进造纸与纸基材料全国重点实验室,广东广州,510640 510640
李继庚* 华南理工大学先进造纸与纸基材料全国重点实验室,广东广州,510640 510640
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摘要:针对造纸企业纸卷配送中存在的多规格、多客户混装导致配送成本增加的问题，本研究提出了一种基于束搜索与自适应模拟退火（BASA）算法的多规格纸卷装载优化算法。将具有相同配送目的地的纸卷定义为同一产品族，构建了以最小化车厢使用数量和产品族分散度的双目标优化模型。首先设计堆组算法实现三维到二维的转化，随后构建两阶段求解框架，采用角边相切算法快速构造初始装箱方案，为防止初始解过早陷入局部最优，引入基于束搜索的自适应模拟退火算法优化装箱序列。结果表明，相比人工方案，BASA算法在4个测试案例中均减少了1节车厢使用数量，空间利用率平均提升5.27个百分点，产品族聚集率达到98.46%，为造纸企业多规格纸卷提供了兼顾装载效率与同一客户集中配送的优化方案。
Abstract:To address the problem of increased distribution costs caused by mixed loading of multi-specification and multi-customer paper rolls in paper mill distribution， a multi-specification paper rolls loading optimization algorithm based on beam search and adaptive simulated annealing (BASA) algorithm was proposed. Paper rolls with the same delivery destination were defined as the same product family， and a bi-objective optimization model was constructed to minimize the number of carriages used and the dispersion degree of product families. First， a stacking algorithm was designed to achieve the transformation from three-dimensional to two-dimensional problems， then a two-stage solution framework was constructed， employing a corner-edge tangent algorithm to quickly construct an initial packing scheme. To prevent the initial solution from falling into local optima prematurely， an adaptive simulated annealing algorithm based on beam search was introduced to optimize the packing sequence. The results showed that compared with manual schemes， the BASA algorithm reduced the number of carriages used by 1 in 4 test cases， improved the average space utilization by 5.27 percent point， and achieves a product family aggregation rate of 98.46%. This paper provided an optimization solution for paper mills that balanced loading efficiency and centralized delivery for the same customers of multi-specification paper rolls.
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